Sulawesi Islands Informations

Places of Interest in Ujung Pandang, South Sulawesi

Ujung Pandang
The provincial capital of Ujung Pandang has in its history played an important role as the gateway to the former kingdom of Gowa and now to the whole province because of its natural harbor. The center of business and administration, the city has expanded outwards from its most important landmark, that of Bunting Jung Pending which faces the sea front.

One of the eleven fortresses of the kingdom, it was built in 1545 during the reign of Tuni Pallanga, the 10th sultan of Gowa. When Gowa capitulated to the colonial forces under the treaty of Bungaya in 1667,the fort was renamed Rotterdam by Admiral Speelman who constructed bastions and buildings of typical Dutch architecture making it the center of the civilian government, including a church on its premises. One of the best preserved forts of that area, only the thick walls of earth and stones remain of the original complex, now occupied by educational and cultural offices of the provincial government. The two buildings house the Ujung Pandang State Museum, exhibiting archaeological and historical objects, manuscripts, numismatics, ceramics and ethnic costumes and ornaments.

Visiting hours of the museum are from 8.00 a.m. until 4.00 p.m.daily except on Mondays and public holidays. The fort itself is open daily till 17.00 p.m. Dedicated as a center of culture, the Conservatory of Dance and Music is located here and on the open stage in the center of the fort, dance classes for children can be seen in progress, Though unmarked but of historical interest is the dungeon where one of Indonesia's most prominent heroes in the struggle for freedom, Prince Diponegoro was imprisoned for 27 years. Prince Diponegoro was buried in a family plot in the middle of the city on a street named after him: jalan Diponegoro. The family tree displayed on the wall indicated that none of his descendants returned to the courts of Yogyakarta, instead,they settled in Ujung Pandang and their custodian is a great-grandson.

Mr. Bundt, a Dutchman, has in his private residence at No. 15 jalan Mochtar Lutfi a collection of seashells and corals. His spacious garden is filled with rare Indonesian orchids and hybrids. A visit is worthwhile and several of the collections are on sale.Mr. Bundt is registered in the Sander's List of London as an expert in orchid cultivation. Sunsets in the Makassar Strait can be viewed from a promenade at jalan Penghibur or the Paotere anchorage in the north end of the city where the Pinisi schooners are berthed. Across the harbor is Kayangan Island which can be reached in 15 minutes by ferry. A popular recreational resort for the people of the city, there is entertainment in the evening and on Sundays.

Paotere Anchorage
On the outskirts of Ujung Pandang, Paotere is where sailing boats and other small vessels anchor to unload their cargo. The setting casts a glow over the sea with the silhouettes of the boats. This scenery is most often photographed by tourists.

Samalona Island
Across the harbor of Ujung Pandang is Samalona Island which has been developed into a pleasant recreational resort. It can be reached by boat in 45 minutes and has simple accommodation. Recreational sports include diving, snorkeling, water skiing and fishing. Best months to visit are from February to
October.

Sungguminasa
Formerly the seat of the kings of Gowa, about 11 km. from Ujung Pandang is the old palace of wood, standing on stilts facing the town square across the administration office. Now the Ballalompoa Museum, weapons and costumes of royalty are on display in glass cases. The royal regalia which includes a stone studded gold crown weighing 1769 grams can be seen only on special request.

Tomb of Sultan Hasanuddin
Sultan Hasanuddin (1629-1690) was famous for his exceptional bravery in his struggle against colonial encroachment in South Sulawesi. His tomb and those of other kings of Gowa are located in a secluded cemetery not far from Sungguminasa, about 8 km from Ujung Pandang. The huge crypts are gray with age and just outside the walls of the cemetery, a small fenced-off plot contains the Tomanurung stone on which the kings of Gowa were crowned in a show of pomp and splendor. Not far from the tombs is the oldest mosque in the area, built in 1603.

Malino
Formerly the holiday resort of the kings.Malino, which is 70 km from Ujung Pandang offers a haven from city-life. Located on the slopes of Mt. Bawakaraeng it has a cool climate with forests of pine trees making it picturesque. Deer hunting on horseback was a royal sport in the days gone by.

Bulukumba
You will find white sandy beaches at Bira, 178 km from Ujung Pandang to the south. Traditional ship building is also located in this area. Not far from this area visitors can cross to the island of Selayar.

Goa Mampu
The largest cave in South Sulawesi, the legendary cave of Mampu is about 140 km from the capital. Besides stalagmites and stalactites, rock formations resemble human figures and animals to which legends are attached. The cave is inhabited by bats who shriek and flutter around when bright lights pierce the darkness.

Bantimurung
To the north of Ujung Pandang and driving east along the mountain range, is the Bantimurung waterfalls, about 41 km from the capital. A cascade of sparkling water gushes out between rocky cliffs into a stream shaded by tall trees. Here the air is filled with butterflies which fly from shrub to shrub over the water. These rare brightly colored ornithoid butterflies are considered the most beautiful in the world.

Leang-Leang
Now declared an archaeological site, these prehistoric caves have strange rock carvings of hands and a wild pigs, believed to be 5,000 years old. The road leads from Maros through the cave-riddled limestone hills to the site about half an hour's drive from the airport.

Pare-pare
Pare-pare is a lunch stop along the road from Ujung Pandang to Toraja, through paddy-fields and typical Bugis houses made of wood and bamboo, built on stilts. Here we can find the museum Labangenge, located at jalan Bau Massepe No. 82, Pare-pare.

Sengkang
The capital town of Wajo Regency is well-known for its silk weaving and therefore is the center of Buginese silk. This area is populated by the Buginese ethnic group, known for their crossing to other islands as traders of silk, sarongs and other material. Here we can find lake Tempe, one of the tourist resorts. Sailing and boating can be enjoyed on this lake.

Sopping
Another center of the silk industry, this spinning mill produces thread from silk worms. Weaving can be seen in many private homes along this route which is 240 km to the northeast of Jung Pandang. The finest silk is hand-loomed by village women who individually need a whole month to produce two meters of silk. Visitors are welcome to stop and watch, or make a purchase if there is any readily available.

Tana Toraja
Tana Toraja, (Toraja Land) which lies in the north of the province is known for its unique culture and ancient traditions. The center of tourism is Rantepao,328 km from Ujung Pandang by road. There are several small bungalow hotels at Rantepao and Makale, the district capital. The entry to Tana Toraja is marked by a gate built in traditional boat-shaped architecture. The road passes through the mountains of Kandora and Gandang on which, according to Toraja mythology, the first ancestors of celestial beings descended from heaven. The majority of the people still follows an ancestral cult called "Aluk Todolo" which governs all traditional ceremonies. From Rantepao, side trips can be made to Kete, a traditional village where there are handicraft and unique shops. Behind the village there is a grave site on a hillside. Life-size statues guard over old coffins. As roads are not always paved, it is necessary to use a jeep or walk if the weather is good (between May and October). Two cliff graves easy to reach are Lemo and Londa. Londa is one of the oldest hanging graves belonging to the nobility. A large balcony is filled with effigies of the dead. Kerosene lamps with young village guides, can be hired to enter the caves to see skeletons and old coffins. At Lemo, burial chambers are cut out of the rock and several balconies filled with effigies look out while new caves are being dug to serve as family graves. There are several grave sites and traditional villages of which Palawa is a classic example of a village on a small hill with "Tongkonan" or a burial place with celebrations and festivals. Visitors are welcome but they are expected to adhere to local customs of dress, seating and bringing a token present.

Enrekang
236 km to the north of Ujung Pandang, you can see beautiful landscapes at Bambapuang, located 20 km from Enrekang to the north on the way to Tana Toraja. Here can be seen an erotic mountain called Batu Kabobong, by its shape formed by the valley and slopes. A rest house is built on an elevation, giving a clear view of the countryside.

Polewali - Mamasa (Polmas)
Polewali is the capital town of Polmas Regency located 246 km north of Ujung Pandang. It is inhabited by Mandarnese, Buginese, Torajans and Javanese ethnic groups. This town is well-known for its silk sarongs which is called "Sarung Mandar" and rattan furniture and crafts. There are several small islands to be reached by fishing boats in 10- 16 minutes. All these islands, have white sandy beaches.

Places of Interest in Kendari, Southeast Sulawesi

Kendari
Southeast Sulawesi's capital is Kendari, seat of government and tourist center of the province. It lies along the sloping hill and seaside of Kendari Bay, residence to some 100,000 people. Kendari boast the manufacture of numerous fine artistic handicrafts, for both home and office use. These are reproduced by skilled craftsmen, from original designs, handed down through the generation, using indigenous roots and ironwood. Visitors will find a visits to the Berlin Handicraft Center's the Handicraft Exhibition Center valuable; both belong the local Association of Government Wives (PKK) and display items which may be purchased to adorn the most discriminating setting. Visitors will find frequent, colorful ceremonial events in and around Kendari. And, to be present on these occasions is to be invited to participate. For the closing of any ceremonial event is Kendari will be highlighted by the local "Modero Dance" performed by local men and women. And all on-lookers are invited to joint the dance, as part of the conclusion and
harmonious farewell.

Moramo Waterfall
No other in Indonesia is quite like the Moramo Waterfall. It is unique in traversing a 2 km plateau, with 127 separate terraced plumes, with the top of the waterfall some 100 meters above its basin pool. the falls have seven main terraces, each with its own natural bathing pool. This combination produces clean, fresh, cool air in the shade producing tropical, jungle forest setting which surrounds the falls. This is the perfect habitat for Southeast Sulawesi's native animals and birds. Those who love nature at its purest will find this an ideal environment. Only 65 km east of Kendari, Moramo Waterfall is easily accessible by car or by boat, crossing Moramo Bay, with a wide panoramic view of the sea.

Moramo Bay
This clean, pollution-free bay is only one and one half hours by car or speedboat from Kendari.The white sand beaches of Moramo Bay are host to all sorts of water activities and sports: from sun bathing to water skiing, swimming to boating, including observation of numerous fish life, under the clear, clean water.

Sea Garden of Pulau Hari
In the Indonesia language (Bahasa Indonesia), "hari" means daylight. Because of the way the sun's rays reflection the water of the sea surrounding this island, the local people call it the "Island of Daylight", Pulau Hari. Swimming, boating and other marine sports find a natural home along these shores. Diving to view colorful fish in a sea garden setting of coral is a popular activity.

National Parks and Conservation Areas
AOPA is a dike covering an area of 96.804 hectares containing many smaller dikes with plantations within them. Many varieties of indigenous birds and plant life can be seen here. Wild animal abound, running everywhere in this man-made lake environment.

Nirwana Beach and Bone Oge
Nirwana Beach is located 12 km from the village of Baubau and is the capital of the Buton Regency. It is well-liked for swimming and recreational beach sports, along its white sandy shore and its small ad joining island, only thirty minutes away by sailboat. Fishing is said to be ideal on this small island.

Buton Island and The Sultanate of Buton
To the southeast of the Sulawesi mainland, Buton Island remains part of the province of Southeast Sulawesi. Long before the independence of Indonesia and the unification of Buton with the rest of the country, Buton was a kingdom. This existed from the 1 4th to the 1 6th centuries. After this, and until Indonesia's independence, It remained a Sultanate. During the Sultanate period, residents conducted trade and communicated with both China and the Majapahit Kingdom, on the island of Java. Interesting, the first ruler who governed this region was a queen and the last ruler was a king. It was the last ruler, King Laki Laponto,who became the first Sultan of Buton. Buton Island is well-known for its asphalt, called Buton or Butas Asphalt, and for its teak and ironwood. There is daily boat service from Kendari,with a stop over in Raha,the capital city of the island of Muna. The most fascinating cultural appeal of Buton island can be enjoyed when local people conduct ceremonies, celebrations and folk events which welcome honored guests. One such unique events is "Pakandekandea", when foods and cakes are offered to visitors and traditional dances are performed.

Napabale and Motonunu Lakes
Napabale Lake is at the foot of a hill, connected to the sea via a natural tunnel. At low tide swimmers can traverse this span of water for a most unusual experience. However it is considered unadvisable and dangerous to attempt this feat during high tide, as the water rises to only one half meter from the roof of the tunnel.Motonunu Lake is known for its clean, clear, dark blue water Though it is also connected to the sea, its water remains fresh and not salt. Both lakes are 15 km from Raha,the capital of Muna Regency, on Muna Island. They are accessible by sailboat, from Raha,in only 45 minutes.

Batu Gong Beach and Toli-Toli Hill
It is 20 km from Kendari to North.Batu Gong beach is off shore recreational resort along 3 km with white sandy beach. At the edge of the beach is a huge stones. When it is hit, it will sound like a gong (traditional musical instrument). Nice panorama over the sea can be enjoyed from the hill of Toli-Toli. This hill resort is 22 km from Kendari.

Malaha Island
Malaha island is beach for betting with a condition which is calm and sandy. This object became an object recreation for Kolaka society. In order to reach this object recreation we can use a four-wheel vehicle it will take one for 45 minutes. The distance from Kolaka city is about 25 km.

Places of Interest in Manado, North Sulawesi

MANADO TUA ISLAND
This island is the main island of its sister island group: Bunaken, Siladen, Mantehage and Nain, situated just off Manado bay. The path to the top takes several hours to climb but it offers a nice view of all islands of Manado bay.Supeperd for diving and snorkeling. About one hour from Manado by motor boot.

SILADEN ISLAND
This island is surrounded by beautiful white sandy beaches and many shells. Good diving for experience divers but good snorkeling for all comers. To those who feel the need to escape from civilization, this tranquil place offers nice opportunity for diving, snorkeling, fishing and sunbath. About one half hour from Manado by motorboat.

WOLTER MONGINSIDI AND PIERE TENDEAN MONUMENT
A monument to reminisce the meritorious young me from North Sulawesi, Wolter Monginsidi and Piere Tendean. Wolter Monginsidi died during the struggle if Indonesia impendence and Piere Tendean died in the communist rebellion on September 30,1965.Situated on the waterfront, facing the bay of Manado this place is usually crowded by people who want to relax while enjoying the beatiful panorama of the bay. The monument is located in Bahu on the intersection of Jl. Wolter Monginsidi and Piere Tendean.

RANOMUUT HORSE RACING AREA
This track is primarily used on holidays, national days and for special events where the public can witness horse racing as well as the traditional cart racing. Check with you hotel front desk for information.

BAN HIN KIONG TEMPLE
This 19th century temple, the oldest in east Indonesia, is the worship place of Chinese Buddhist believers. During Toa Peh Kong each February, a traditional Chinese parade dating from the 14th century is held. During ths period the following traditions may be observed :
*Barongsai display in the form of 10m artificial dragon.
*Ince Pia: a man who hits his back with a sharp sword without being injured.
*Pikulan : a unique and motley procession of little girls sitting on carrying poles decorated with flowers.
*Kuda Locia : a procession of young men on horseback dressed in colored customs.
The temple is located on Jl. Panjaitan in the center of the city.

MUSEUM NORTH SULAWESI
For the historian and those who want to observe art, cultural and historical remains, this museum offers visual information and the presentation of art, cultural and historical remains of the four ethnic groups inhabited North Sulawesi, including from Batak tribe (West Sumatra), Lombok (West Nusatenggara), Bali, central Sulawesi and Irian Jaya. Historical remains from Ducth, Portuguese, Japan, Chinese and Sweden may be seen in this museum. Located at Jl. W.R. Supratman, Manado.

WENANG GOLF CLUB
The sanctuary is covered by lush tropical rainforest and is a beautiful, unspoilt environment. It is an ideal place for camping as well as birds watching. Take an oplet from Girian to this place.

BITUNG
The city of Bitung is located on the northern coast of Sulawesi, approximately 47 km from Manado. Its land mass covers a total area of 30,400 Ha with a population of 118,633 people (1996).Bitung is a significant commercial port in Eastern Indonesia and as well a tourist gateway. The port is well equipped with a pier capable of accommodating modern cruise ships. A major asset for Bitung is the Lembeh Strait and Lembeh Island which acts as a natural shield protecting Bitung from wind and rough seas. It is believed that the name "Bitung", was taken from the name of a shady tree that grows in the coastal areas, offering people shelter from sun, rain and wind.

TANGKOKO BATUANGUS NATURAL RESERVE
Located at the foot of Dua Saudara Mountain, the area is comprised of rolling hills and valleys with a variety of hardwood trees and unusual plant life. Tarsius Spectrum The animal life is also quite varied and one can often view Tarsius Spectrum (world's smallest primate), black tailless monkeys, Maleo Birds, wild pigs and kuskus (marsupial family). Tangkoko Batuangus Reserve offers a suitable protective environment to help prevent these animals from becoming extinct. Tangkoko is located in the northern sector of Bitung and comprises an area of 3,196 Ha and takes about 1.5 -2.5 hours to reach from Bitung or Manado, respectively. Please note that the road to Tangkoko is somewhat difficult and visitors are recommended to visit with a local tour operators to ensure a safe journey and to take advantage of an experienced guide who can assist in spotting the wildlife. Losmen (simple guesthouses) are available for overnight stays.

LEMBEH STRAIT
Lembeh Strait is a 12 km. long stretch of water separating Lembeh Island and the mainland. Bitung is actually the half way point along the shores of Lembeh Strait. This pristine section of water in North Sulawesi is home to many unique sea animals which include the pygmy seahorse, mimic octopus, ghost pipefish, as well as other larger species. It is a fantastic dive area for underwater photographers and the diversity of smaller creatures ensures many memorable photo opportunities. There are several undeveloped beaches on the shoreline of Lembeh Strait which are excellent for swimming and snorkeling. Presently, Lembeh Island is undeveloped and has no tourist facilities.

JAPANESE MONUMENT
As Bitung played an important role in WW II as a home base for the Japanese Forces, it became the last resting place of their soldiers who died during the War. To commemorate this time in history and the men who died, the Japanese and North Sulawesi Government constructed this monument located at Manembo-nembo 7 km from Bitung center.

TRIKORA MONUMENT
Is situated on a bluff at Lembeh Island Beach, the DC3 monument and park offers a nice opportunity to observe ships going by as well as being a gathering place on Sundays and holidays. Reachable by motorized outrigger.

Highland Resort and Spa

MINAHASA
The Minahasan region covers an area of approximately 418,862 Ha with a population of 733,029 people (1996).Linau Lake The capital of this district is Tondano, a town close to Lake Tondano.It is situated on a plateau 700 m above sea level, surrounded by magnificent countryside with cool mountainous air. Minahasan people believe the legend that they are descendants of Toar and Lumimuut. The reminders of this time long ago are the Waruga, stonegraves in Sawangan Airmadidi and Watu Pinabetengan in Tompaso. The word Minahasa which means unification of the traditional tribes was derived from the word sea or one, hence the land was named Minahasa.

MOUNT KLABAT
The highest mountain in North Sulawesi (1995 m) is a 5-6 hours climb beginning near the Police Station in Airmadidi. Try walking up at night during a full moon and staying overnight to watch the sunrise. On Sundays and holidays Mt. Klabat bustles with the activity of students and hikers.

Waruga TAMAN PURBAKALA SAWANGAN - WARUGA
The ancient Waruga, stone graves (sarcophagi), of the Minahasan people, dating from the Megalithic age are extremely interesting.144 stone graves were built to house the remains in the sitting position. The pre-Christian belief was that the babies were born in the sitting position in the mother's womb and it is in this position that humans must pass on to eternity. The engravings on the headstones depict the cause of death, the deceased's hobby, character or occupation, etc. There is a small shop in front of the gate and a small donation is suggested. It is located at Sawangan village near Airmadidi,24 km from Manado.

IBU WALANDA MARAMIS MAUSOLEUM
This site pays homage to the national heroine of Women's Rights in North Sulawesi. She was born on December 1, 1872 and died on April 22, 1924. An organization called "PIKAT" was established by Ibu Walanda Maramis to involve women in social and educational development.

DR SAM RATULANGI MONUMENT AND GRAVE SITE
This monument and grave site, located in Tondano, memorialize this national hero from North Sulawesi, born in Tondano 1890 and died in 1949. Situated on a hill with an unspoiled view of Lake Tondano and surrounding rice fields, it reminds us of the spirit of national heroism during the revolutionary period.

REMBOKEN
This sleepy town, 13 km. from Tondano, situated on Lake Tondano,is an ideal place for various water sports. Bungalows, hot springs and local fish restaurants are available on a limited basis.

KYAI MODJO MAUSOLEUM
Kayai Modjo was the commander of Pangeran Diponegoro during the Java War (1825-1830).He was exiled to Tondano and died in 1848.The mausoleum that was built in his honor, is located in the village named Kampung Jawa about 12 km from Tondano.

SARAPUNG and KORENGKENG MONUMENT
This monument,1km from the center of the town, honors the Tondano War,1808-1809 led by Sarapung,the chieftain of Tondano Touliang and Korengkeng, chieftain of Tondano-Toulimambot tribes.

TAMASKA HIJAU
This area in Tataaran features hot springs and impressive views of rice fields. It has limited facilities for overnight stays.

TOMOHON
The Bendi (traditional horse cart) This picturesque town, 25 km. from Manado,is the center for many of the Christian Missionary groups. It is located on a plateau between two active volcanoes, Lokon and Mahawu. The cool fresh air enables a multitude of flowers and all kinds of the more exotic plants to proliferate. Bukit Inspirasi, (auditorium) facing Mt. Lokon is the home to national conventions, festivals and other events.

MT. LOKON and MT. MAHAWU
The volcanic mountains Lokon (1.580 m) and Mahawu (1.311 m), both have crater lakes of considerable beauty. Lokon is sometimes considered to be the most beautiful of the two. The trek to the top should be made by climbers in reasonable condition. The steaming crater lies 600 m below the peak of the mountain and the lake is about 60 m deep. The best time to start walking from Kakaskasen is 7 AM and it is possible to arrive at the crater while the morning is still cool. It is important to contact Pos Pengamanan Gunung Lokon and Gunung Mahawu in Kakaskasen III, Tomohon.

MT. SOPUTAN
This active volcano is situated in Tombatu,about 60 km from Manado or 10 km walk from Toure village. Soputan, 1825 meters in height, is still
active, often times steaming and spewing volcanic ash. Trekers will pass through plantations, as well as areas overrun with "Edelweiss" flowers, usually
called "Bunga Abadi" or "Eternal Flower". Often times people choose to camp overnight in the Casuarinas Forest before making the final accent which begins at 4:00 AM.

WATU PINAWETENGAN
Pinabetengan village, about 50 km from Manado, is the home to an ancient stone, shaped like a table. It measures 4 m long and 2 m high and is one of remnants left by the Minahasan Tribes where they negotiated the territorial division, unification, peace and war against their enemies. Pictography carvings on the stone cannot be deciphered.

JAPANESE CAVES
These caves are located alongside the road between Kiawa and Kawangkoan, countryside villages about 45 km from Manado. The caves were built by the Japanese during the World War II primarily for storage.

LAPIAN - TAULU MONUMENT
This monument, located in Kawangkoan, 45 km from Manado, commemorates Bernhard Wilhelm Lapian and Charles Chus Taulu,the leaders in Peristiwa Merah Putih, February 14th, 1946, which represented the heroic fight to defend the Republic of Indonesia.B.W. Lapian was also a religious hero who established KGPM (Kerapatan Gereja Protestan Minahasa).

IMAM BONDJOL MAUSOLEUM
This mausoleum, located 7 km from Manado, represents traditional Minangkabau architecture and honors Imam Bondjol, a national hero from Minangkabau in West Sumatera. He was a hero of the Perang Paderi (Paderi War) against the Dutch and was later exiled to North Sulawesi. He was born in 1791 and died in Lota Village, Pineleng in 1864.

KALI WATERFALL
Located in Kali Village, Pineleng, about 10 km from Manado, this natural 60 m waterfall is an ideal place to enjoy nature and fresh water pools at the base of the falls. It is easily reachable from Manado by public transportation followed by a short 30 -45 minute hike past the village. Please read Tips for Excursions.

BOLAANG MONGONDOW
Bolaang Mongondow is the name of a district, which covers the highlands & lowlands between Minahassa and Gorontalo. The population is 411,086 (1996).Beside the legend of their origin, Bolaang Mongondow is renowned for their traditional ceremonies, which are unique and impressive and portray the process of human life from birth to adulthood. These celebrations are great tourist attractions that should not be missed. Another cultural attraction is the traditional dances, which have been preserved over time.

LAKE MOAT
This tranquil lake, about 23 km from Kotamobagu, is situated in the highlands,1000 m above sea level, is surrounded by dense forest with abundant bird and animal life.

MOLOSING INDAH BEACH
This beach is 50 km from Kotamobagu, offshore from Motabang village on the tiny island of Molosing. This tranquil tropical island is pleasant for swimming, fishing, boating, as well as snorkeling. There is basic accommodation and restaurants.

MOUNT AMBANG
This impressive mountain is reached by passing through the coffee plantations between Modayag and Lake Mooat and is 27 km from Kotamobagu. This nature reserve offers a crater lake, unexplored forest and hot mud pools.

BOGANI NANI WARTABONE (DUMOGA BONE) NATIONAL PARK
The National Park,260 km from Manado, has a land mass of 193,600 ha, altitudes of 200 - 1,968 m and stretches from Dumoga in Bolaang Mongondow to Bone in Gorontalo. Its mountainous terrain and dense vegetation make it an ideal home for maleo birds, anoas, horn-bills,wild pigs, tarsius spectrum and giant fruit bats. Giant fruit bats were a new species discovered in 1992.The major reason for establishing this area as a National Park was to protect the watershed and stop deforestation. The World Bank has lent its support to this program. Much of the forest is at comparatively low attitudes and correspondingly rich in fruit bearing plants and trees, such as wild durians and wild nutmeg.

SANGIHE TALAUD
This district consists of 77 islands, of which 56 islands are inhabited. The population is 260,370 people (1996).Most of the people are involved in agriculture, which include coconut, vanilla, nutmeg and clove. The islands are located north of the Sulawesi Peninsula and south of the Philippines The islands are divided into two main groups; Sangihe, consisting of the islands Sangir Besar, Siau, Tagulandang and Biaro; and Talaud consists of the islands of Karakelang, Salibabu, Kaburuan, Nanusa, Miangaas, plus many other small islands. The capital of Sangihe Talaud is Tahuna, which is located on Sanger Besar. The airport located about 21 km from Tahuna is serviced by domestic airlines on a irregular basis. Please check with a travel agent. There are seaports in Tahuna, Siau, Tagulandang and Beo which are serviced by various ferries and local boats. Sangihe Talaud is renowned for its magnificent white sandy beaches with amazing coral gardens as well as an underwater active volcano. It is also known for its beautiful dances with a variety of war dances and those re-enacting legends. Traditional music of Sangihe Talaud consists of Oli-Oli and Musik Bambu. Handicrafts from Sangihe Talaud include wonderful ebony carvings and beautiful fine embroidery from Batunderang Island in Sangir Besar.

THE KING'S PALACE
Is the old royal residence used during the period of the Tahuna Kingdoms, Manganitu and Tamako. Inside the building you can still see relics of the Portuguese, Spanish, Dutch and Tagalog episodes. This is a definite must see.

THE OLD CHURCH
This church is located in Manganitu, Sanger Besar Island. It was built by Steyler, a German missionary in the last century. There is nothing left inside, however the building is still intact. There is a family gravesite on the property. Take a look, as it is one of the few historical sights in the islands.

History
The original Minahasans are said to originate from Lumimuut, who rose from the sea and gave birth to Tar. After many years separation, mother and son met again. Not recognizing each other, they married and their descendants populated the region. Minahasan lands and languages were divided by the god Muntu Untu at Watu Pinabetengan (the dividing stone), a carved rock on the foothills of Mount Soputan.

Rice surpluses from Minahasa's volcanic hinterland made Manado a strategic port for European traders sailing to and from the spice island of Maluku. Spain established a fort and Manado Rulers wanted their unruly and corrupt Spanish guests out and appealed to the Dutch VOC in Ternate for help. The Dutch and their Minahasan allies eventually gained the upper hand in 1655,built their own fortress in 1658 and expelled the last of the Spaniards a few years later.

The Dutch helped unite the linguistically diverse Minahasa confederacy and in 1693 the Minahasa scored a decisive military victory against the Bolaang to the south. Dutch influence flourished as the Minahasans embraced European goods and god. Missionary schools in Manado in 1881 were among the first attempts at mass education in Indonesia, giving their graduates a considerable edge in gaining civil service, military and other positions of influence.

The Japanese occupation of 1942-45 was a period of deprivation and the allies bombed Manado heavily in 1945.During the war of independence that followed, there was bitter division between pro-Indonesian Unitarians and those favoring Dutch-sponsored federalism. The appointment of a Manadonese Christian, Sam Ratulangi, as the first republican governor of eastern Indonesia, was decisive in winning Minahasan support for the republic.

As the young republic lurched from crisis to crisis, Jakarta's monopoly over the copra trade seriously weakened Minahasa's economy. Illegal exports flourished and in June 1956 Jakarta ordered the closure of the Manado port, the busiest smuggling port in the republic. Local leaders refused and Jakarta backed down. Soon the Permesta rebels confronted the central government with demands for political, economic and regional reform. Jakarta responded to Manado by bombing the city in February 1958 then in fighting in June.

Manado prospered under Indonesia's new order, which implemented many of the economic reports (but few of the political reforms) sought by the Permesta rebels. The city has a tolerant, outward-looking culture and it will be interesting to see what the future holds with the implementation of Regional Autonomy.

POPULATION
The total population of North Sulawesi province is 1,989,977 People (1996).The ethnic groups are Bolaang Mongondow, Sangihe Talaud, and Minahasa. The province is also inhabited by immigrant populations, which are divided into the following groups: Chinese, concentrated in towns and engaging wholesale and trading, Arab communities (primarily in Manado),Javanese, Balinese, Bugis and Makassaresse, including Bajau (Bajo) in small numbers.

RELIGION
The people in North Sulawesi are followers of Christian, Islam, Hinduism and Buddhism. Merchants brought the Islamic Religion through the ports and small seaside villages in Gorontalo and Bolaang Mongondow. Christianity first started in Manado Tua, an island in the Bay of Manado and the islands of Sangihe Talaud around 1563 when the Portuguese merchants began spice trading. Buddhism was introduced by Chinese merchants around 1881.A traditional Buddhist temple was built in the center of Manado to provide a house of worship for the followers of Buddha. Hinduism came to North Sulawesi in 1963.The transmigrants from Bali brought Hinduism to North Sulawesi and the followers are concentrated near Bolaang Mongondow.

ART AND CULTURE

TRADITIONAL MUSIC INSTRUMENTS
Bamboo Music - Clarinet Minahasan people are fond of music. The popular traditional music is:Kolintang, Bambu and Bia.Kolintang (Indonesian Xylophone) is similar to a wooden xylophone and is popular nationwide. One version of local folklore states that the name Kolintang came from the sound: TING (high pitch note) and TANG (moderate pitch note), TONG (low pitch note). In the local language, the invitation "Let us do some TING TANG TONG" is: "mangemo kumolintang", hence the name of the instrument, KOLINTANG Bamboo Music - Bass Bamboo Orchestra: There are other traditional Minahasan musical instruments often used to accompany the dance such as Bambu and Bia.A Bamboo Orchestra is typically a large ensemble consisting of a variety of wind, string and rhythm instruments made of bamboo (bamboo melulu), sometimes fabricated from brass (bambu clarinet) or of tin (bamboo seng). Bia music consisting of a conch shell is less popular but is still employed in some areas of North Sulawesi, usually at holiday celebrations.

TRADITIONAL DANCES
Maengket Dance from North Sulawesi Maengket is a dance drama from Minahasa, North Sulawesi.The dance is often performed on important occasions welcoming prominent visitors, as a prelude to competitions, or during local festivals. Maengket is accompanied by spirited harmonic songs in the form of Minahasan communal work. It is actually a variety of modernized and secularized dances consisting of three parts, Makamberu depicting the harvest time and in some parts of its choreography tell about romantic love poems; Marambak celebrating the building of a new house and passing on traditional values; Mah'laya is usually humorous and is generally full of merriment.

There are several other traditional dances:
Kabasaran which is sometime called "Cakalele Minahasa",is performed as a welcome dance to greet incoming guests. Tumatenden is a fairy tale of love depicting the folklore of Tumatenden. Tari Lenso is a dance derived from Maengket where the dancers use handkerchiefs in the dance routine.It slightly resembles dances from the Vietnamese and Kampuchean cultures, where Toar and Lumimuut, the descendants of the Minahasans came from.

LOCAL FOOD AND DRINK
Like for most of Indonesia the staple food in North Sulawesi is rice, except for Sangihe Talaud where it is Sago. However, rice is becoming more popular and affordable there as well. Fish features prominently in the diet: fresh, salted, dried, smoked or paste. It is abundant and of great variety: lobster, oyster, prawns, shrimp, squid, crab, etc. Coconut is found everywhere and besides being processed for cooking oil, its milk and meat is an ingredient for many dishes. Spices and hot chili peppers are the essence of most cooking and in North Sulawesi they are used generously.

*Bubur Manado or Manado porridge, is a traditional food served generally for breakfast. It contains vegetables and rice and is served with hot chili peppers.
*Nasi Jaha is a sticky rice mixed with red onion and ginger, then cooked in bamboo with coconut milk. It is usually eaten as a snack with coffee and tea.
*Coconut Tart is comprised of young coconut, wheat flour and corn flour and makes this sweet and typical North Sulawesi dessert a treat to remember.
*Saguer is brewed from the liquid obtained from the Sugar Palm Tree. It has a low alcohol content and is both sweet and sour in taste.

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